Stanford Hiv Resistance

The Stanford HIV Resistance Database is a comprehensive resource that provides information on HIV drug resistance mutations. The database was established in 1998 by Robert W. Shafer, MD, and has since become a leading source of information on HIV resistance. The database contains a vast collection of data on HIV sequences, including over 1 million sequences from around the world, and provides tools for analyzing and interpreting this data.

Overview of HIV Resistance

HIV resistance occurs when the virus develops mutations that make it less susceptible to antiretroviral therapy (ART). This can happen in several ways, including through errors during viral replication, recombination with other viral strains, and selection pressure from ART. The Stanford HIV Resistance Database provides a detailed analysis of the mutations that are associated with resistance to different classes of ART, including nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), protease inhibitors (PIs), and integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs).

Mutations Associated with HIV Resistance

The Stanford HIV Resistance Database has identified several key mutations that are associated with HIV resistance. For example, the M184V mutation is a common mutation that confers resistance to the NRTI lamivudine, while the K103N mutation is associated with resistance to the NNRTI efavirenz. The database also provides information on the prevalence of these mutations in different populations and the impact of resistance on treatment outcomes.

Impact of HIV Resistance on Treatment Outcomes

HIV resistance can have a significant impact on treatment outcomes, including reduced efficacy of ART, increased risk of treatment failure, and transmission of resistant virus to others. The Stanford HIV Resistance Database provides information on the impact of resistance on treatment outcomes, including data on the effectiveness of different treatment regimens in patients with resistant virus.

Strategies for Managing HIV Resistance

Several strategies can be used to manage HIV resistance, including the use of resistance testing to guide treatment decisions, the selection of treatment regimens that are likely to be effective against resistant virus, and the development of new drugs that are active against resistant virus. The Stanford HIV Resistance Database provides information on these strategies and helps to inform treatment decisions.

• Resistance testing: This involves testing the virus for mutations that are associated with resistance to different classes of ART.
• Treatment regimen selection: This involves selecting a treatment regimen that is likely to be effective against resistant virus, based on the results of resistance testing.
• Development of new drugs: This involves the development of new drugs that are active against resistant virus, including drugs that target new mechanisms of action.